Injection molding is the process of choice for companies looking to produce repeatable parts with strict mechanical requirements. It is a manufacturing process for producing parts in large volume. It is most typically used in mass-production processes where the same part is being created thousands or even millions of times in succession. Injection molding is a popular manufacturing option for high-production runs, not only because of the consistent quality of the manufactured plastic parts, but also because the price-per-part decreases with higher quantity manufacturing runs. Additionally, Expedited offers injection molding production runs as small as 100 parts.
An injection mold consists of two halves that are forced together to form a cavity in the shape of the part to be produced. Hot, liquid plastic is then injected at high pressure into this cavity.The high pressure is needed to ensure that the plastic resin fills in every crook and cranny of the mold cavity. Once the plastic has had time to cool, the two halves of the mold are pulled apart, and the part is ejected. Although designing for injection molding can be quite complicated, and the cost of the molds themselves are incredibly expensive, there is one huge reason why injection molding is still used today. No technology can beat injection molding when it comes to producing millions of identical copies of a part at an incredibly low price.
Materials used in injection molding
Most Common Materials | Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) |
Polyethylene (PE) | |
Polypropylene (PP) | |
Polycarbonate (PC) | |
Other Supported Materials | Nylon (PA 6) |
Polycarbonate /Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) | |
Polyurethane (PU) | |
Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA/Acrylic) | |
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) | |
Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) | |
Polystyrene (PS) | |
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | |
PEEK |
The principal advantage of injection molding is the ability to scale production en masse. Once the initial costs have been paid the price per unit during injection molded manufacturing is extremely low. The price also tends to drop drastically as more parts are produced. Before you endeavor to produce a part via injection molding consider a few of the following things:
Financial
Considerations
Entry Cost
Preparing a product for injection molded manufacturing
requires a large initial investment. Make sure you understand this crucial point up front
Production Quantity
Determine the number of parts produced at which injection
molding becomes the most cost effective method of manufacturing, and you
expect to break even on your investment (consider the costs of design,
testing, production, assembly, marketing, and distribution as well as the
expected price point for sales). Build in a conservative margin.
Design
Considerations
Part Design
You want to design the part from day one with injection
molding in mind. Simplifying geometry and minimizing the number of parts
early on will pay dividends down the road.
Tool Design
Make sure to design the mold tool to prevent defects during
production. Consider gate locations and run simulations using mold flow
software like Solid works Plastics.
Production
Considerations
Cycle Time
Minimize cycle time in as much as it is possible. Using
machines with hot runner technology will help as will well-thought-out
tooling. Small changes can make a big difference and cutting a few seconds
from your cycle time can translate into big savings when you’re producing
millions of parts.
Assembly
Design your part to minimize assembly.To the extent that you
can design assembly out of the process you will save significant money on the
cost of labor.
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